Gaudeshwar Vishwarup Sena - Bengal Monarch who erected Victory Pillars at Varanasi defeating Mamluks
Gaudeshwar Vishwarup Sena - Sena dynasty Monarch of Bengal who erected Victory Pillars at Varanasi defeating Mamluks
Arirāja-Ghātukaśaṅkara SaGargaYavanānwaẏaPralaẏaKālarudra ParamaSaura Gauṛēśwara Viśwarūpa Sēna was the sixth Monarch of the Chandrakūla Sena dynasty of Bengal in the 13th century. He was the son of Parama-Narasimha Gaudeshwar Lakshman Sena and Maharani Vasudevi and the youngest prince of Sena kingdom. In 1212 Emperor Vishwarup Sena defeated the ruling Mamluk Sultan of Delhi Shamsuddin Iltutamish, conquered & liberated Varanasi Kashi-Vishwanath temple, established victory pillars {𝘷𝘪𝘫𝘢𝘺𝘢 𝘴𝘵𝘢𝘮𝘣𝘩𝘢} in Kashi and declared Kashi as the land of Shiva-Vishweshwara {The Lord of All}.
From his copperplate grants of Madanpara, Idilpur and Dhaka are mentioned the glorious time of his reign, the expansion of his vast Empire up to Varanasi and the conquest of Senas by overthrowing the Yavanas. His full title was - "Samasta Suprastapēta Aśwapati Gajapati Narapati Rājyatraẏādhipati Sēnakūlakamala Vikāśabhāskara Sōmavanśa Pradīpa-Pratipannadāna Karṇa Satyabrata Gāṅgēẏa Śaraṇāgatabajrapanthara Paramēśwara Paramabhaṭṭāraka ParamaSaura Mahārājādhirājārirāja Ghātukaśaṅkara SaGargaYavanānwaẏaPralaẏaKālarudra Gauṛēśwara ŚrīŚrīŚrī Viśwarūpa Sēna"
Emperor Lakshman Sena passed away in 1206 AD. After some time his eldest son Hemchandra Madhava Sena left for the Garhwal region of Himachal, while his second son Raja Keshava Sena was busy defending Rajnagar in Rarh-Bangla. Then the youngest son Viswarup Sena ascended the throne of Bengal as the next Gaudeshwar. By religion he was a worshiper of Lord Surya and bore the epithet "Parama-Saura".
Meanwhile, Qutubuddin Aibak's son-in-law Shamsuddin Iltutmis ascended the throne of Delhi in 1211 AD. At that time in Delhi, there was a conspiracy between the group of Turkish Amirs to seize the throne, resulting in a rift in the regime. Sensing the situation, several Hindu kings of northern India declared rebellion against the Sultan of Delhi, and sought the help of the Gauda kingdom, the only surviving independent Hindu power of Aryavarta, to end Delhi's rule in northern India.
● 𝐑𝐞𝐬𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝐨𝐟 𝐕𝐚𝐫𝐚𝐧𝐚𝐬𝐢 𝐛𝐲 𝐕𝐢𝐬𝐡𝐰𝐚𝐫𝐮𝐩 𝐒𝐞𝐧𝐚 (𝟏𝟐𝟏𝟐 𝐀𝐃):
In 1212 AD, Gaudeshwara Vishwarupa Sena, along with his vast Gaudiya navy, embarked on a western route to recapture the Shaivite seat of Varanasi in northern India. The Gaudiya forces entered Kashi and attacked the Garzha (Oghuz) Mamluk forces under the Delhi Sultanate there. The Gaudiya army was unstoppable in the naval battle, on the other hand, the Mamluk navy was very weak and minimal. Within four days, most of the Mamluk army was killed and the Nawab was forced to surrender.
A vast amount of land up to Varanasi in northern India came under the Hindu rule of the Sena Empire. After the end of 20 years of long Mlechcha rule, the Sanatani flag was hoisted by the Gaudiya army at the Shaivite shrine of Kashi. Gaudeshwar Vishwarup Sena erected the Vijayastupa (victory pillar) at Kashi and declared Kashi as the and of "Shiva-Visweshwara" the realm of the ruler of the world "The Lord of All".
In honour to defeat the Garzha (Sanskrit - Garga) tribe yavanas in battle, he took the title "SaGargaYavanawayaPralayaKalarudra" [সগর্গযবনান্বয়প্রলয়কালরুদ্র | सगर्गयवनाव्यप्रलयकालरुद्र].
In the Madanpara copperplate of Gaudeshwar Vishwarup Sena, it's mentioned as -
"शशास पृथिवीमिमां प्रथित वीरवर्गाग्रणी: ।
स गर्गयवनान्वय प्रलयकाल रुद्रो नृप: ।।"
● 𝐕𝐢𝐬𝐡𝐰𝐚𝐫𝐮𝐩-𝐒𝐚𝐢𝐟𝐮𝐝𝐝𝐢𝐧 𝐖𝐚𝐫 (𝟏𝟐𝟑𝟎-𝟑𝟓):
Malik Saifuddin Aibak was the governor of Lakhnauti under Sultan Iltutmis of Delhi. He led a military campaign in East Bengal ruled by the Senas. However, it was not confirmed in which part of the region he raided. His campaign was not successful. The Turkish forces were defeated and forced to flee under the attack of Maharaja Biswarup Sen's huge naval force.
● 𝐕𝐢𝐬𝐡𝐰𝐚𝐫𝐮𝐩 - 𝐘𝐮𝐳𝐮𝐝𝐝𝐢𝐧 𝐖𝐚𝐫 (𝟏𝟐𝟑𝟓-𝟏𝟐𝟒𝟒 𝐀𝐃):
During Yuzuddin Khilji, the feudal king Uttara Hamir Ray of the Chhatna kingdom of Shikharbhum attacked Rajnagar by uniting all the vassals of the Rarha region. After defeating the Khiljis, the Gaudiyas conquered the fort of Lakshmana and ended the 19-year Khilji rule in Rajnagar. Meanwhile, Yuzuddin Khilji attacked the Bangabhum region. Maharaja Biswarup Sen's mighty naval and archery forces crushed the Khiljis. The Gaudiya army gradually advanced towards Lakhnauti. Yuzuddin sought military help from the Sultan of Delhi to protect Lakhnauti.
After the death of Emperor Viswarup Sen, his son Gaudeshwar Suryasena ascended the throne of Bengal as the next emperor. His priest and commander Pandit Prabhakar Ray as the administrator of Kharimandala at that time successfully resisted the Turkic invasion. At that time, the worship of Kalki, the twelfth avatar of Vishnu, began to be widely practiced in Bengal for the sake of MlechchNivahaNidhana.
● Sources :
【1】 1996 Construction and Reconstruction of Sacred Space in Vārāṇasī. in: Numen 43 (1996), 37-42
Hans T Bakker.
【2】 Ancient Indian History and Civilization, Sailendra Nath Sen.
【3】 K. A. Nizami (1992). "The Early Turkish Sultans of Delhi". In Mohammad Habib; Khaliq Ahmad Nizami (eds.). A Comprehensive History of India: The Delhi Sultanat (A.D. 1206-1526)
【4】 History of Bengal, RC Majumdar
【5】 History of the Bengali People, John H Wood
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